The ERIC (Educational Resources Information Center) database is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education to provide extensive access to educational-related literature. ERIC provides ready access to education literature to augment American education by increasing and facilitating the use of educational research and information to improve practice in learning, teaching, educational decision-making, and research. ERIC provides coverage of journal articles, conferences, meetings, government documents, theses, dissertations, reports, audiovisual media, bibliographies, directories, books and monographs.

Major areas of coverage include:
• Adult, Career, and Vocational Education
• Counseling and Personnel Services
• Elementary and Early Childhood Education
• Education Management
• Handicapped and Gifted Children
• Higher Education
• Information Resources
• Junior Colleges
• Languages and Linguistics
• Reading and Communication Skills
• Rural Education and Small Schools
• Science, Mathematics, and Environmental Education
• Social Studies and Social Science Education
• Teacher Education
• Tests, Measurement, and Evaluation
• Teacher Education
• Test, Measurement, and Evaluation
• Urban Education

1966 - current

Monthly.

Over 1,274,730 records as of December 2008

Resources in Education; Current Index to Journals in Education

There are two types of fulltext links available to use with ERIC:

1. Records from the subfile Resources in Education (sf=rie) have accession numbers beginning with ED and these in many cases link to full-text documents on the ERIC web site maintained by the database supplier. To limit your search to ERIC documents, select the Command Search module from Search Tools and click on the Link to ERIC Documents Only limit. You may further limit your search by availability using Levels as defined below:

Level
Persons and organizations submitting documents to ERIC grant ERIC permission to index and disseminate documents as follows:

• Level 1 - Available online, if indexed January 1993 onward (Note: May have an earlier publication date); otherwise produced only in microfiche.
• Level 2 - Produced in microfiche (submitted 1966-2003)
• Level 3 - Indexed only

2. Records from the subfile Current Index to Journals in Education (sf=cije) have accession numbers beginning with EJ and these link to electronic journal articles from a number of publishers.

A thesaurus is available.

U.S. Department of Education
Institute of Education Services (IES)
Educational Research Information Center (ERIC)
c/o Computer Scienes Corporation
4483-A Forbes Blvd.
Lanham, MD 20706
Voice: +1 800-538-3742 (in N. America)

The ERIC Program is converting nearly 340,000 documents produced in microfiche from 1966-1992, and seeks copyright-holder permission to provide full-text access online. To learn more about this initiative, or to contact ERIC about granting a release for your ERIC contributions, see www.eric.ed.gov/ericdigitization.

DN: Database Name
    ERIC
TI: Title
    Mental Health in Deaf Adults: Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression among
    Hearing and Deaf Individuals
AU: Author
    Kvam, Marit H.; Loeb, Mitchell; Tambs, Kristian
SO: Source
    Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education; v12 n1 p1-7 2007
IS: ISSN
    1081-4159
DE: Descriptors
    Mental Health; Deafness; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Depression
    (Psychology); Anxiety; Hearing (Physiology); Adults; Control Groups;
    Comparative Analysis; Check Lists; Mail Surveys; Affective Measures;
    At Risk Persons
AB: Abstract
    Individuals with disabilities encounter practical and social problems
    beyond those experienced by nondisabled individuals. This extra burden
    may in turn increase the risk of developing mental health problems.
    The objective of this article is to disclose the mental health
    situation among deaf individuals compared to a control sample of
    hearing individuals. The analyses are based on two separate Norwegian
    postal surveys, one among the general population (1995-1997) and one
    among the deaf population (2001). A shortened version of the Hopkins
    Symptom Checklist was used to disclose the degree of mental distress
    among the respondents. Three questions common to the studies were
    analyzed to determine differences between the two groups. Analyses
    revealed that the deaf respondents showed  significantly more symptoms
    of mental health problems than the hearing respondents. The results
    point to the need for focussing more attention on the mental health of
    deaf children and adults. Society must be made aware of the special
    risks that deaf children and adults encounter with respect to mental
    health.
PB: Publisher
    Oxford University Press. Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK.
    Tel: +44-1865-353907; Fax: +44-1865-353485; e-mail:
    jnls.cust.serv@oxfordjournals.org; Web site:
    http://jdsde.oxfordjournals.org/
RL: Resource Location
    http://jdsde.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/12/1/1
LA: Language
    English
PY: Publication Year
    2007
PT: Publication Type
    080 Journal Articles; 142 Reports: Evaluative
PE: Peer Reviewed
    Yes
AV: Availability
    Level 3 - Indexed only
AN: Accession Number
    EJ747670
SF: Subfile
    ERIC, Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE )

The following field codes are found in the records of this database. Here they are listed in alphabetical order by two-letter code.

AB = Abstract	JV=Journal Volume
AF = Author Affiliation	K= Keywords
AG = Agency	LA = Language
AN = Accession Number	NT = Notes
AU = Author	LV =Education Level
AV = Availability	LA = Language
CA = Corporate Author	NT = Notes
CO = Country of Origin	NU = Other Numbers
DE = Descriptors	PB = Publisher
IB = ISBN	PV = Peer Reviewed
ID = Identifiers	PT = Publication Type
IS = ISSN	PY = Publication Year
JI= Journal Issue	RP = Report Number
JN=Journal Name	SF = Subfile
JP=Journal Pages	SO = Source
	TA = Target Audience
	TI = Title

Identifies the specific education community for which the resource is intended.

Early Childhood Education:
-Activities and/or experiences that are intended to effect developmental changes in children, from birth through the primary units of elementary school (grades K-3)
Preschool Education:
-Activities and/or experiences that are intended to effect developmental changes in children, from birth to entrance in kindergarten (or grade 1 when kindergarten is not attended)
-Primary Education: Education provided in kindergarten through grade 3
Elementary Secondary Education:
-Formal education provided in kindergarten or grade 1 through grade 12
Elementary Education:
-Education provided in kindergarten or grade 1 through grade 6, 7, or 8
Adult Basic Education:
-Education provided for adults at the elementary level (through grade 8)
Intermediate Grades:
-Includes the middle and/or upper elementary grades, but usually 4, 5, and 6
Middle Schools:
-Various combinations of grades 5 through 9
Secondary Education:
-Education provided in grade 7, 8, or 9 through grade 12
Junior High Schools:
-Providing formal education in grades 7, 8, and 9
High Schools:
-Providing formal education in grades 9 or 10 through 12
High School Equivalency Programs:
-Adult educational activities concerned with the preparation for and the taking of tests that lead to a high school equivalency certificate
Postsecondary Education:
-All education beyond the secondary level
Higher Education:
-All education beyond the secondary level leading to a formal degree
Two Year Colleges:
-Public or private postsecondary institutions providing at least 2, but less than 4, years of academic and/or occupational education (community colleges)
Adult Education:
-Providing or coordinating purposeful learning activities for adults (non-degree)

ERIC introduced the peer reviewed field in 2005 for materials published 2004 onward.

Identifies the general type of document. The publication types are as follows:

010 books
020 collected works: general
021 collected works: proceedings
022 collected works: serials
030 creative works
040 dissertations/theses
041 dissertations/theses: doctoral dissertations
042 dissertations/theses: masters theses
043 dissertations/theses: practicum papers
050 guides: general
051 guides: classroom: learner
052 guides: classroom: teacher
055 guides: non-classroom
060 historical materials
070 information analyses
071 eric publications
072 book/product reviews
073 eric digests in full text
080 journal articles
090 legal/legislative/regulatory materials
100 non-print media
101 computer programs
102 machine-readable data files
110 numerical/quantitative data
120 opinion papers
130 reference materials: general
131 reference materials: bibliographies
132 reference materials: directories/catalogs
133 reference materials: geographic
134 reference materials: vocabularies/classifications 100 Non-Print Media
140 reports: general
141 reports: descriptive
142 reports: evaluative
143 reports: research
150 speeches/meeting papers
160 tests/questionnaires
170 translations
171 multilingual/bilingual materials
999 collected works: serial

To search publication type, enter the unique word(s) or just the three-digit number, e.g.,

pt=080
pt=journal articles

Note: If you search the complete phrase do not include the colon, eg: pt=(reports research)

Search the Subfile (SF) field to retrieve citations from either of the two printed journals that correspond to the ERIC database. To search for Resources in Education (RIE) or Current Index to Journals in Education (CIJE) add "SF=RIE" or "SF=CIJE" to your search, eg: (elementary education) and sf=rie

ERIC added this field, previously known as Target Audience, to ED (ERIC Document) records in January 1984, but uses it only when the author clearly specifies an intended audience. Some entries from May 1975 to December 1983 include the retrospective addition of the terms "Practitioners" and/or "Students". ERIC has designated eleven distinct audiences:

Administrators
Community
Counselors
Media Staff
Parents
Policymakers
Practitioners
Researchers
Students
Support Staff
Teachers

Note: Many document records do not include a target audience.